Provide understandable explanations

Explain results in user-facing terms that support decisions, not model internals.

Providing understandable explanations means making AI behavior, outputs, and limitations clear enough for users to form accurate mental models.

Explanations should help users answer three core questions: What is the system doing? Why did it do this? What can I do next?

The goal is not technical transparency for its own sake, but practical clarity that supports trust, decision-making, and error recovery without increasing cognitive load.

Well-designed explanations are contextual, proportional to user needs, and expressed in plain language. Over-explaining can be as harmful as not explaining at all.

Explanations should be:

  • User-focused: Explain outcomes and implications, not algorithms or model architecture.
  • Context-appropriate: Match the depth and detail to the user's needs and expertise level.
  • Clear about limitations: Explicitly state what the AI doesn't know or can't do.
  • Accessible: Use plain language and concrete examples instead of technical jargon.

Technical explanations about neural networks, training data, or model parameters don't help most users make better decisions. What they need is understanding of:

  • what the AI output means for their situation,
  • why the AI made a particular recommendation,
  • and what factors influenced the result.

By providing understandable explanations, I help users:

  • trust the system appropriately,
  • make informed decisions based on AI outputs,
  • and understand when to question or verify results.

Clarify Uncertainty and Limitations Explicitly

Be explicit about what the AI doesn't know, what it can't do, and what factors might affect the accuracy of its outputs.

off on
Explicitly state what the AI doesn't know or can't determine. Present outputs without mentioning limitations or uncertainty. Explain what factors might affect accuracy or when the output might not be reliable. Let users discover limitations only after they've relied on incorrect outputs.

Explain Outcomes, Not Algorithms

Focus explanations on what the AI did and why it matters to the user, not on technical details about how the model works.

off on
Explain what the AI output means for the user's situation or decision. Describe model architecture, training methods, or technical implementation details. Focus on factors that influenced the output and why they matter. Use technical jargon that requires AI/ML expertise to understand.

Match Explanation Depth to User Context

Adjust the level of detail in explanations based on the user's expertise, the decision's importance, and their current needs.

off on
Provide simple summaries for quick decisions and detailed explanations when users need more context. Use the same explanation depth for all users regardless of their expertise or needs. Allow users to expand or collapse explanations to get more or less detail as needed. Overwhelm casual users with technical details or frustrate experts with oversimplified explanations.

Use Plain Language and Concrete Examples

Avoid technical jargon and abstract concepts. Use everyday language and specific examples that users can relate to.

off on
Use everyday language and specific examples that users can relate to. Use technical jargon, acronyms, or abstract concepts without explanation. Show concrete examples of what the AI output means in practice. Assume users understand technical terms or AI/ML concepts.

Why this principle matters

Explanations are only useful if users can understand them. Technical accuracy means nothing if it doesn't help users make better decisions.

When explanations are understandable:

  • users can evaluate AI outputs critically,
  • they can make informed choices about when to trust the system,
  • and they understand the implications of AI recommendations.

Without understandable explanations, users may:

  • blindly trust outputs they don't understand,
  • ignore useful information because it's presented in technical terms,
  • or lose confidence in the system because explanations are confusing or unhelpful.